Basics
Wood screws are a common type of fastening tool designed mainly for wood-to-wood use, but can be used for a variety of other purposes. These types of screws are used to strengthen joints in construction, fasten hinges and attach locks. Wood screws come in varying sizes and designs, such as the head type and shape, and the gauge of the screw.
Materials and Design
Wood screws are made from a variety of materials, and what they are made of can depend on the design of the screw, or what they are being used for. Steel is very common, but other materials also include brass, zinc-plated steel, titanium, stainless steel and silicon bronze.
The heads of the screws vary depending on necessity. Flat head screws are designed to provide a flat surface area, common for hinges and fastening materials where the head may still be visible. The same can apply to oval head screws. Round head screws protrude above the surface material, and can be used for objects like door handles where they will fit inside a pre-made hole, but may need to be taken out again.
Construction Process
To create a screw, a cold heading machine cuts a specific length of wire, then creates the head of the screw by making a blow on each end. The screws are then clamped to a wheel, which begins to rotate. A circular cutter engraves the spiral grooves, or threads, onto the screw as the wheel turns. The head is also created by type, either a Phillips head, a slotted screw, or any variety of other head types, being engraved onto the head.
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